The Rest Is Yours

Where every number comes from

This is the full audit behind the site: for each figure the engine uses, you can see its source, when it was last verified, and whether it passed validation.

Everything on this page is generated straight from our verification ledger. Nothing is typed in by hand here, so when the ledger changes, the page changes with it.

0 Coverage

The ledger holds 444 entries, one per audited parameter. Here is where each block stands today.

179
verified
90
corrected
3
flagged
165
in progress
7
declared, not modelled
BlockEntriesverifiedcorrectedflaggedin progressdeclared, not modelledCovered
Tax123714035490%
Regimes67240040336%
Cost of living1507050030080%
Exchange rates14140000100%
Benchmarks900009000%

1 Tax, per city

One row per city. Sources are the laws and authorities behind the tax parameters. Deviation is how far the engine net sits from an official or reference calculator, where a validation run exists.

CityCountrySource(s)Last verifiedDeviationStatus
MilanItalyL.199/2025 (Legge di Bilancio 2026) art.1 · PwC Italy · 2026 Budget Law summary · D.Lgs 209/2023 art.5 · L.207/2024 (Legge di Bilancio 2025) art.1 co.2/3 · L.207/2024 (Legge di Bilancio 2025) art.1 co.4, confirmed for 2026 by L.199/2025 art.1 · L.207/2024 art.1 co.6, confirmed 2026 by L.199/2025 art.1Jul 20260.000%verified
RomeItalyL.199/2025 (Legge di Bilancio 2026) art.1 · PwC Italy · 2026 Budget Law summary · D.Lgs 209/2023 art.5 · L.207/2024 (Legge di Bilancio 2025) art.1 co.2/3 · L.207/2024 (Legge di Bilancio 2025) art.1 co.4, confirmed for 2026 by L.199/2025 art.1 · L.207/2024 art.1 co.6, confirmed 2026 by L.199/2025 art.1Jul 20260.000%verified
BarcelonaSpainBOE-A-2026-7296 (Orden PJC/297/2026, de 30 de marzo, bases y tipos de cotización 2026) · PwC Worldwide Tax Summaries · Spain (Individual) · Generalitat de Catalunya · escala autonómica (Decret-llei 5/2025, 25 mar 2025, DOGC/BOE-A-2025-10270), confirmada vigente 2026 por Decret-llei 3/2026 (24 mar 2026, BOE-A-2026-10430) · AEAT · Comunidad de Madrid: Importes del mínimo personal y familiar (comparativa oficial)Jul 20260.000%corrected
LuxembourgLuxembourgAdministration des contributions directes (ACD) · tarif classe 1 2025 · ACD · Calcul en ligne du barème (saturn.etat.lu) · CCSS · plafond cotisable · CCSS / guichet.lu · Art.107 LIR / guichet.lu · ACD / PwC Luxembourg · impotsdirects.public.lu · CIS 2025Jul 2026+0.043%verified
AmsterdamNetherlandsBelastingdienst · Box 1 2026 tarieven + tabel arbeidskorting + algemene heffingskorting · PwC Worldwide Tax Summaries · Netherlands (Individual) · Deloitte NL · Pakket Belastingplan 2026, tarieven en heffingskortingenJul 20260.000%corrected
BerlinGermany§32a EStG 2026 (Gesetze im Internet, BMJ) + LStH 2026 (BMF) · PwC Worldwide Tax Summaries · Germany (Individual / Other taxes) · Sozialversicherungsrechengrößen-Verordnung 2026 (BMAS)Jul 2026+1.090%corrected
MunichGermany§32a EStG 2026 (Gesetze im Internet, BMJ) + LStH 2026 (BMF) · PwC Worldwide Tax Summaries · Germany (Individual / Other taxes) · Sozialversicherungsrechengrößen-Verordnung 2026 (BMAS)Jul 2026·corrected
MadridSpainBOE-A-2026-7296 (Orden PJC/297/2026, de 30 de marzo, bases y tipos de cotización 2026) · PwC Worldwide Tax Summaries · Spain (Individual) · Comunidad de Madrid · escala autonómica (Ley 13/2023) + AEAT escala estatal · AEAT · Comunidad de Madrid: Importes del mínimo personal y familiar (comparativa oficial)Jul 20260.000%corrected
LondonUnited Kingdomgov.uk · Income Tax rates and Personal Allowances · PwC Worldwide Tax Summaries · United Kingdom (Individual, Taxes on personal income)Jul 20260.000%corrected
DublinIrelandRevenue.ie · Standard rates and thresholds of USC / Tax rates, bands and reliefs · KPMG Ireland · Budget 2026 tax rates and credits · gov.ie · Department of Social Protection, PRSI roadmap (Budget 2026)Jul 20260.000%corrected
ParisFranceURSSAF-sourced press round-up · charges salariales cadre ~25% du brut (2026) · impots.gouv.fr · simulateur-ir-ifi, aide frais professionnels 2026 · LégiFiscal · Revenus 2025 : déduction forfaitaire sur les traitements et salaires · Légifrance · Loi n°2026-103 du 19 février 2026 de finances pour 2026, art.4 I-A/B · BOFiP-Impôts · ACTU-2026-00022 (indexation du barème 2026)
NO CODE CHANGE · note refreshed in data/audit-fixes-6. The engine's flat 22% models the NON-cadre blended employee rate (~22%); but this app's target persona is a Financial Analyst / FP&A professional, who in France is almost always CADRE · and the cadre blended employee rate (AGIRC-ARRCO tranche-2 + APEC + the usual CSG/CRDS) is commonly cited around ~25%. So for our typical user the 22% likely UNDERSTATES social contributions (and overstates net) by roughly the 5% shown: swapping 25% at the 3 benchmark points shifts modelled net by −4.7% to −5.9% (see 'France parigi · 22% flat SS vs ~25% cadre blended' in audit/validation-results.json). This does NOT affect the income-tax barème validation (which isolates the tax computation from a given taxable base, and is 0.000%). Left UNCHANGED and FLAGGED pending a decision on whether to model cadre (~25%) as the default given the finance-professional persona, vs keeping the more conservative general-population 22% · a product/positioning call, not a data-correctness one. Deliberately not auto-corrected.
Jul 20260.000%flagged
ZurichSwitzerlandKanton Zürich (zh.ch) · Aktuelle Gemeindesteuerfüsse / Stadt Zürich Steuerberechnung · kantonsvergleich.ch · sourced from FTA (ESTV) tax tariffs 2026, standard deductions included
IMPROVED but STILL FLAGGED (data/audit-fixes-6). ATTEMPT: added a standard-deduction model · the missing Berufsauslagen + Versicherungsprämien the audit brief identified · using real ZH single-person values (Berufsauslagenpauschale 3% of salary, min CHF2,000/max CHF4,000; Versicherungsprämienabzug CHF2,600 cantonal / CHF1,800 federal). RESULT vs kantonsvergleich.ch 2026 (single): 60k engine 4,658 vs ref 4,956 = −6.01%; 80k 8,433 vs 8,467 = −0.41%; 120k 17,373 vs 17,407 = −0.20%. Two of three points now reconcile to <0.5% (including the persona's ~CHF108k range → net now accurate); max |dev| dropped from 13.7% to 6.0%. WHY NOT WITHIN 1.5% AT 60k: the pre-fix overstatement was NON-monotonic (+7.2/+13.7/+9.3, worst at 80k, not at the extremes) · a signature no deduction can fit, because at near-equal marginals across the 3 points the 60k point requires a SMALL effective deduction while 80k requires a LARGE one, which is impossible with any coherent forfait+insurance model (confirms the prior 'a flat constant can't reconcile all 3' finding). The residual is therefore a bracket-CURVE divergence, not missing deductions; closing 60k would require reshaping the simplified cantonal thresholds/rates (full re-parameterization, out of scope). Per the brief, a real deduction model was added (strict improvement, real Swiss values · not a forced constant) but the entry stays FLAGGED with the attempt documented. The interactive official calculators (ESTV swisstaxcalculator, zh.ch Steuerrechner, ge.ch calculette) are JS-rendered and could not be driven programmatically in this environment (no browser tool available) · OUTPUT was instead cross-checked against kantonsvergleich.ch, which states it sources 'FTA tax tariffs 2026' with standard Swiss deductions (Berufsauslagenabzug, Versicherungsprämienabzug) included. The engine's simplified brackets apply NO such deductions, which is the primary source of the gap below. Per the audit brief, the simplified cantonal/federal brackets themselves were NOT re-parameterized (out of scope) · see audit/validation-results.json for the full 6-point comparison.
Jul 2026+6.010%flagged
GenevaSwitzerlandEtat de Genève (ge.ch) · Fiscalité des communes, taux de centimes additionnels · kantonsvergleich.ch · sourced from FTA (ESTV) tax tariffs 2026, standard deductions included
Validated OUTPUT at CHF 60,000/80,000/120,000 gross (single, no confession, no children): engine total_tax = 7,700/13,216/26,739 vs reference 8,025/13,265/25,527 → −4.1%/−0.4%/+4.8% (2 of 3 points >1.5%, but NOT systematically biased · crosses zero, unlike Zurich). audit-fixes-6: the ZH standard-deduction fix was evaluated for Geneva and DELIBERATELY NOT APPLIED · Geneva already UNDERstates at 60k (−4.1%), so adding deductions (which only reduce tax) would worsen it; the zero-crossing profile is a bracket-CURVE divergence, not missing deductions. Brackets left unchanged, TAX-0063 stays FLAGGED. The interactive official calculators (ESTV swisstaxcalculator, zh.ch Steuerrechner, ge.ch calculette) are JS-rendered and could not be driven programmatically in this environment (no browser tool available) · OUTPUT was instead cross-checked against kantonsvergleich.ch, which states it sources 'FTA tax tariffs 2026' with standard Swiss deductions (Berufsauslagenabzug, Versicherungsprämienabzug) included. The engine's simplified brackets apply NO such deductions, which is the primary source of the gap below. Per the audit brief, the simplified cantonal/federal brackets themselves were NOT re-parameterized (out of scope) · see audit/validation-results.json for the full 6-point comparison.
Jul 2026+4.750%flagged
New YorkUnited StatesSocial Security Administration · 2026 Social Security wage base · EY Tax News · Social Security wage base to increase in 2026 · IRS Rev. Proc. 2025-32 (2026 annual inflation adjustments) · KPMG Tax News Flash · Rev. Proc. 2025-32: Inflation adjustments for 2026, individual taxpayers · NY Dept. of Taxation and Finance · Pub. NYS-50-T-NYS (1/26), NY State Withholding Tax Tables and Methods · KPMG This Week in State Tax (TWIST), 19 May 2025 · NY Assembly Bill 3009C rate cut · NY Dept. of Taxation and Finance · 2026 NYS/Yonkers withholding bulletin (NYC rates unchanged)Jul 20260.000%corrected
Los AngelesUnited StatesSocial Security Administration · 2026 Social Security wage base · EY Tax News · Social Security wage base to increase in 2026 · IRS Rev. Proc. 2025-32 (2026 annual inflation adjustments) · KPMG Tax News Flash · Rev. Proc. 2025-32: Inflation adjustments for 2026, individual taxpayersJul 20260.000%in progress
Hong KongHong KongMPFA · Mandatory contributions (relevant income levels) · PwC Worldwide Tax Summaries · Hong Kong SAR (Individual) · Inland Revenue Department (IRD) · PAM 61(e), Allowances, Deductions and Tax Rate Table (June 2026 edition)Jul 20260.000%corrected
SingaporeSingaporePwC Worldwide Tax Summaries · Singapore (Individual) · data.gov.sg · official open-data mirror of IRAS individual income tax rate schedule · CPF Board · Who should receive CPF contributions · PwC Worldwide Tax Summaries · Singapore (Individual, Other taxes) · PwC Worldwide Tax Summaries · Singapore (Individual, Residence)
1 item declared, not modelled
Jul 2026·verified
DubaiUnited Arab Emiratesu.ae (UAE Government Portal) · Taxation · PwC Worldwide Tax Summaries · United Arab Emirates (Individual) · Federal Decree-Law No. 57 of 2023 concerning Pension and Social Security · u.ae · Insurance against job loss (ILOE) · EY · UAE implements mandatory unemployment insurance scheme
1 item declared, not modelled
Jul 2026·verified
FrankfurtGermany§32a EStG 2026 (Gesetze im Internet, BMJ) + LStH 2026 (BMF) · PwC Worldwide Tax Summaries · Germany (Individual / Other taxes) · Sozialversicherungsrechengrößen-Verordnung 2026 (BMAS)Jul 2026·corrected
ViennaAustriaÖGK · Veränderliche Werte 2026 · WKO · Beitragswesen Dienstnehmer 2026 · BMF · Steuertarif und Absetzbeträge 2026 · PwC Worldwide Tax Summaries · Austria (Individual)Jul 20260.000%corrected
BrusselsBelgiumONSS/RSZ · DMFA employee contribution instructions (socialsecurity.belgium.be) · fin.belgium.be · Tax rates (income tax year 2026, assessment year 2027) · PwC Worldwide Tax Summaries · Belgium (Individual, Deductions) · FOD Financiën · tarieven-gemeentebelasting-2026.pdf (national municipal-surcharge table, row 'Brussel 4,9') · City of Brussels · council decision 15/12/2025, 'Belastingreglementen 2026 · Aanvullende gemeentebelasting op de personenbelasting voor het dienstjaar 2026' (4,9%)
1 item declared, not modelled
Jul 20260.000%corrected
CopenhagenDenmarkSkattestyrelsen (skat.dk) bracket-tax method + Skatteministeriet §20-satser 2026 · PwC Worldwide Tax Summaries · Denmark (Individual)Jul 20260.000%corrected
StockholmSwedenSkatteverket · Teknisk beskrivning SKV 433, 2026 utgåva 36 (2025-12-10) · PwC Worldwide Tax Summaries · Sweden (Individual) · Skatteverket · Kommunala skattesatser 2026 + SCB Kommunalskatterna 2026 (15 dec 2025) · Förordning (2025:1050) om skiktgräns för statlig inkomstskatt för beskattningsåret 2026 · Inkomstskattelagen (1999:1229) 67 kap. 7 §, lydelse Lag (2025:1376) · rkrattsbaser.gov.se (testo di legge consolidato)Jul 20260.000%corrected
OsloNorwayLovdata · Stortingsvedtak om avgifter til folketrygden 2026, §7 · PwC Worldwide Tax Summaries · Norway (Individual) · Lovdata · Stortingsvedtak om skatt av inntekt og formue for inntektsåret 2026 (final enacted law, §3-1/§6-1/§6-3)Jul 20260.000%corrected
HelsinkiFinlandETK (Eläketurvakeskus) · Statutory social insurance contributions in Finland in 2026 · PwC Worldwide Tax Summaries · Finland (Individual, Other taxes, rev. 24 Jun 2026) · vero.fi / Veronmaksajain Keskusliitto · 2026 valtionveron tuloveroasteikko (GP 98/2025 Finlex) · PwC Worldwide Tax Summaries · Finland (Individual, rev. 24 Jun 2026) · Helsingin kaupunki · council decision 5 Nov 2025 (kunnallisvero 5,30% for 2026, unchanged) · KPMG · Taxation of international executives: FinlandJul 20260.000%corrected
PragueCzech RepublicČSSZ · Přehled nejdůležitějších údajů pro sociální zabezpečení v roce 2026 · PwC Worldwide Tax Summaries · Czech Republic (Individual, rev. 7 Jan 2026) · MPSV / nařízení vlády č. 365/2025 Sb. (average wage 2026 = CZK 48,967/month) · Finanční správa ČR · sleva na poplatníka 2026 (CZK 30,840)Jul 2026·verified
WarsawPolandObwieszczenie MRPiPS z 19 listopada 2025 r. (M.P. 2025, poz. 1206) · ZUS 2026 cap PLN 282,600 · PwC Worldwide Tax Summaries · Poland (Individual, Other taxes, rev. 21 Feb 2026) · Ustawa o świadczeniach opieki zdrowotnej (Dz.U.2025.1461, Art. 79/81, current as of 07.07.2026) · Ustawa o PIT Art. 22 ust. 2 (Dz.U.2026 poz. 592, consolidated text) · KUP · biznes.gov.pl (Ministry of Development and Technology, updated 07.01.2026) · PIT scale rules · PwC Worldwide Tax Summaries · Poland (Individual, rev. 21 Feb 2026) · podatki.gov.pl (Ministerstwo Finansów/KAS, updated 24.06.2026) · kwota wolna PLN 30,000Jul 2026·verified
LisbonPortugalCGD / PwC / comparaja 2026 · PwC Portugal 2026 State Budget / TAXCLARA.pt · Autoridade Tributária · Código do IRS, art.68.º-A · PwC Worldwide Tax Summaries · Portugal (Individual)Jul 20260.000%in progress
BudapestHungaryNAV · Booklet 73, "Szja adóalap-kedvezmények" (2026.01.22) · PwC Worldwide Tax Summaries · Hungary (Individual, Other taxes / Deductions) · Szja törvény (Act CXVII of 1995) §8 · unamended for 2026 · PwC Worldwide Tax Summaries · Hungary (Individual)
1 item declared, not modelled
Jul 2026·verified
TorontoCanadaCRA/Service Canada · CPP contribution rates/maximums + CEIC 2026 EI premium rate announcement (Sept 2025) · KPMG Canada · Federal and Provincial/Territorial Non-Refundable Tax Credit Rates and Amounts for 2026 (PDF) · CRA · 2026 federal tax brackets (via Finance Canada Bill C-4 release) · KPMG Canada · Federal and Provincial/Territorial Income Tax Rates and Brackets for 2026 (PDF, current as of 31 Dec 2025 / 31 Mar 2026 editions) · EY Canada · Combined federal and provincial personal income tax rates, Ontario 2026 (PDF, 15 Jan 2026) · TaxTips.ca · Ontario surtax/OHP tables (confirmed to CRA information)Jul 2026·verified

2 Expat regimes

Each modelled regime, broken down facet by facet: the rate, the cap, the duration, and how it interacts with contributions and with local tax. Below the modelled ones sit the regimes we name on the site but deliberately leave out of the engine.

Regime impatriati (D.Lgs 209/2023) · Milan, Rome (Italy)

Sources: verification in progress
FacetHow the engine models itStatus
mechanicsMerged via PR #14: exempt = 0.50 × min(bFull, €600,000); b = bFull − exempt. The taxable base b (for IRPEF, the L.207/2024 art.13 co.1-bis €65 credit, AND addizionali regionale/comunale) is reduced accordingly. SS (INPS) and the cuneo fiscale co.4/co.6 thresholds are unaffected, computed/evaluated on full gross bFull.verified
rate %Effective exemption = 50% of the taxable base up to the cap (not a rate reduction · a base reduction).in progress
capsExemption capped at €600,000/yr of reddito agevolabile · income above the cap is taxed in full (exempt = 0.50 × min(bFull, 600,000)). Fixed by PR #14 (data/audit-fixes-1b) · main previously modelled an uncapped 50% reduction with no ceiling.verified
duration5 years base duration under D.Lgs 209/2023 · engine models only the steady-state benefit, no time-decay across years.in progress
eligibility thresholdsEmployee or self-employed transferring tax residence to Italy; engine's isRegimeEligible() applies no minimum salary threshold for this regime.in progress
contribution interactionINPS is computed on the FULL gross (bFull), not the impatriati-reduced base b · and the cuneo fiscale co.4/co.6 thresholds (L.207/2024 co.7) are also evaluated on bFull, not the reduced base.in progress
local-tax interactionAddizionale regionale/comunale is computed on the REDUCED (post-exemption) base b, not bFull · opposite of the INPS/cuneo treatment.in progress
transition rules in forceD.Lgs 209/2023 (2024-vintage regime) only · engine does not model the pre-2024 legacy impatriati regime (70%/90% exemption tiers under the old rules) still available to some grandfathered cases.in progress

30%-ruling · Amsterdam (Netherlands)

Sources: Belastingdienst · 30%-regeling voorwaarden/beschikking · PwC WWTS · Netherlands (Significant developments) · PwC WWTS · Netherlands (Significant developments): 30% now, 27% from 2027 · Meijburg & Co (KPMG) · Changes to the 30% ruling · PwC WWTS · Netherlands (Significant developments): WNT cap €262,000 (2026) · Meijburg & Co (KPMG) · min-salary norms €48,013 / €36,497 (2026) · Meijburg & Co (KPMG) · 27% from 2027, grandfathering, 2027 salary norms
FacetHow the engine models itStatus
mechanics30% of gross is tax-free, capped at the WNT norm: taxable base = gross − 0.30×min(gross, €262,000). Arbeidskorting and algemene heffingskorting are computed on the reduced (taxable) base, per the official method.verified
rate %Flat 30% exemption for today's new entrant (employment starting in 2025 or 2026), for the full remaining duration. The 2024 '30→20→10' step-down was reversed by the 2025 Tax Plan and is NOT in force. Drops to a flat 27% for entrants from 1 Jan 2027 (see transition rules).verified
capsExempt reimbursement capped at the WNT / Balkenende norm · €262,000 salary in 2026 → max €78,600 tax-free; salary above the cap is fully taxed (modelled: exempt = 0.30×min(gross, 262,000)). Minimum-salary eligibility 2026: €48,013 general / €36,497 (under-30 with master's) · an eligibility gate, not applied inside the net calc.verified
duration5 years maximum (60 months). Engine models the steady-state benefit for the whole duration; the 2027 shift to 27% is a rate change by entry-cohort, not a within-duration decay.in progress
eligibility thresholdsisRegimeEligible() blocks internship contracts under the €48,013 (2026) minimum; the €48,013 general / €36,497 young-master's minimum-salary thresholds are eligibility gates, not applied inside calc.amsterdam (which assumes the taxpayer qualifies).in progress
contribution interactioncalc.amsterdam returns ss:0 (national-insurance premiums are folded into the Box-1 bracket-1 combined rate). Under the ruling the reduced taxable base correctly lowers both credits · that interaction IS modelled.in progress
local-tax interactionn/a · the Netherlands has no municipal income tax.in progress
transition rules in forceModelled for TODAY'S new entrant: flat 30% (2025 · 26 starters) capped at the WNT norm. From 1 Jan 2027 new entrants · and those who first used the ruling from 2024 · drop to a flat 27%; holders from before 1 Jan 2024 keep 30%. Documented in the RegimeExplainer copy line and cityRegimes messages. A single calc() call does not switch rate by hire-year; it models the current 30% new-entrant case.verified

Beckham Law · Madrid, Barcelona (Spain)

Sources: AEAT · régimen especial impatriados (art.93 LIRPF) · PwC Worldwide Tax Summaries · Spain (Individual, Other issues) · Orden de Cotización 2026 (Seguridad Social) · via Cuatrecasas
FacetHow the engine models itStatus
mechanicsTwo-band flat scale on employment income, replacing the progressive IRPF: 24% up to €600,000 and 47% on the excess above €600,000 (art.93 LIRPF).in progress
rate %24% up to €600,000; 47% on the portion above €600,000 (marginal top band, in force since 2021 via L.11/2020). The 47% band was ADDED in data/audit-fixes-3 · the prior model applied a flat 24% and understated tax for income above €600k.verified
capsThe 24% band applies to the first €600,000; income above €600,000 is taxed at 47% (not exempt, not left untaxed). Modelled: 24%×min(g,600000) + 47%×max(0,g−600000).verified
duration6 years (year of relocation + 5 subsequent years) · not modelled as a time-decay.verified
eligibility thresholdsisRegimeEligible() marks it unavailable for freelance contracts; no minimum-salary threshold is modelled in the calc.in progress
contribution interactionSS (6.48%, capped at €58,914) is computed identically whether or not Beckham is toggled · the regime is income-tax-only and does NOT exempt social security. (Note for a future pass: the 2026 SS max base actually rose to €61,214.40/yr per the Orden de Cotización 2026; the engine keeps the prior cap as a shared policy input · out of scope for this regimes round.)verified
local-tax interactionn/a for the Beckham branch · the 24%/47% scale bypasses the Catalunya-vs-Madrid ordinary bracket split entirely, so the regional variation in ordinary rates has no analogue inside the Beckham calculation itself.in progress
transition rules in forceModels the current law (post-2023 expansion to remote workers/entrepreneurs/investors) with the 2021 47% top band; no distinction from the original 2005 scope (inbound employees only).in progress

Régime impatriés · Paris (France)

Sources: Art. 155 B CGI (Code général des impôts) · régime spécial des impatriés · PwC Worldwide Tax Summaries · France (Individual, Taxes on personal income): impatriate regime
FacetHow the engine models itStatus
mechanics70% of the (already forfait/CSG-adjusted) taxable base is subject to the ordinary progressive income-tax brackets.in progress
rate %Implemented as a 30% reduction of the taxable base (base *= 0.70), not a separate rate.verified
capsNo cap is modelled · the real regime caps the exempt expat premium/bonus at 50% of total remuneration, which is not represented in the engine's flat 70%-of-base approach.verified
duration8 years maximum · not modelled as a time-decay.verified
eligibility thresholdsisRegimeEligible() marks it unavailable for freelance contracts; no minimum-salary threshold is modelled.in progress
contribution interactionSS (flat 22% of gross) is computed identically regardless of the impatriato toggle.in progress
local-tax interactionn/a · France has no local/municipal income tax.in progress
transition rules in forceModels only the current régime impatriés (art. 155 B CGI); does not distinguish the pre-2008 régime des impatriés rules that some long-tenured grandfathered cases may still use.in progress

Forskerordningen · Copenhagen (Denmark)

Sources: Skattestyrelsen (skat.dk) · Tax scheme for researchers · PwC WWTS · Denmark (special expatriate regime) · Skattestyrelsen (skat.dk) · Tax scheme for researchers (2026 floor) · PwC WWTS · Denmark
FacetHow the engine models itStatus
mechanicsFlat 27% on personlig indkomst (PI = gross − AM-bidrag), entirely replacing bundskat, kommuneskat, mellemskat, topskat, toptopskat, and the skatteloft.in progress
rate %27% flat on PI, plus the 8% AM-bidrag (which still applies on top) = 32.84% combined effective rate on gross (8% + 27% × 92%).verified
capsNo upper cap on qualifying salary · only a floor applies.in progress
duration7 years (84 months) · not modelled as a time-decay; the flat rate applies for the full duration on any qualifying gross.in progress
eligibility thresholdsGross ≥ DKK 784,800/yr (= DKK 65,400/month floor, 2026 · revised down from DKK 77,900/month previously).verified
contribution interactionAM-bidrag (8%) still applies on top of the 27% flat rate · it is not exempted by the regime.in progress
local-tax interactionKommuneskat (Copenhagen's municipal rate) is fully replaced by the 27% flat rate · there is no separate Copenhagen-specific adjustment carved out under Forsker.in progress
transition rules in forceIn reality, the employer must apply for/activate the regime per employee; the engine has no employer-activation gate and applies the regime automatically whenever gross clears the floor and the `forsker` toggle is set.in progress

Expertskatt · Stockholm (Sweden)

Sources: PwC Worldwide Tax Summaries · Sweden (Individual) · Regeringen · 25%→30% expert-tax proposal (lagrådsremiss, effective 2027, NOT enacted for 2026) · Forskarskattenämnden · remuneration rate (1.5× prisbasbelopp 2026 = SEK 88,800/mo)
FacetHow the engine models itStatus
mechanics25% of gross is exempt; the remaining 75% is taxed via the ordinary kommunalskatt + statlig formula, with pension/grundavdrag/jobbskatteavdrag all recomputed on the reduced 75% base.in progress
rate %25% of compensation exempt (75% taxable). The proposed increase to 30% was NOT enacted · it is a 2027 lagrådsremiss (June 2026); 25% stands for 2026.verified
capsNo upper cap on qualifying salary · only a floor applies.in progress
duration7 years maximum · not modelled as a time-decay.verified
eligibility thresholdsGross > SEK 88,800/month (2026, = 1.5× prisbasbelopp SEK 59,200; Forskarskattenämnden rounds the floor to ≥ SEK 88,801) OR rare-skills certification by Skatteverket · the engine only checks the toggle `o.expertskatt`, it does not enforce the salary floor. The dead 2× rule (SEK 114,400) was corrected in the calculator comment and cities.ts copy this round.verified
contribution interactionPension contribution (7%, capped SEK 46,380) is recomputed on the reduced 75% base (gsE), not on full gross.in progress
local-tax interactionKommunalskatt Stockholm (30.43%) still applies · the regime reduces the taxable BASE, not the municipal rate itself.in progress
transition rules in forceNo employer-activation requirement is modelled; single static rule set with no distinction from the 2001 introduction or any subsequent reform history.in progress

Avainhenkilöverotus · Helsinki (Finland)

Sources: Verohallinto vero.fi · Taxation of key employees, detailed guidance VH/7327/00.01.00/2025 · PwC Worldwide Tax Summaries · Finland (Individual, Other taxes)
FacetHow the engine models itStatus
mechanicsFlat 25% (2026) source tax on gross replaces the state + municipal progressive tax entirely; the employee's health insurance contribution is INCLUDED in the 25% (not collected separately), while TyEL pension (7.30%) + unemployment (0.89%) = 8.19% are deducted on top.in progress
rate %25% flat (2026), down from 32% in 2025.verified
capsNo upper cap · only a floor.in progress
duration84 months (7 years) for foreign specialists / 60 months for returning Finnish citizens · not modelled as a time-decay.verified
eligibility thresholdsGross ≥ €5,800/month and non-residence in Finland for the prior 5 years · neither is enforced inside the calc, only the `o.avainhenkilö` toggle gates it. NEW for 2026: returning Finnish citizens are now eligible (previously foreigners only).verified
contribution interactionEmployee health insurance contribution (sairausvakuutusmaksu) is INCLUDED in the 25% source tax and NOT collected separately (vero.fi VH/7327: 'No health insurance contribution of the insured individual is collected from the employee'; PwC: 'the sickness insurance premium is included in the flat 25%'). So the regime SS = 8.19% (TyEL 7.30% + unemployment 0.89%) with NO 1.60% health on top · VERIFIED, the engine already models exactly this (no change needed).verified
local-tax interactionKunnallisvero Helsinki (5.84%) is fully replaced by the flat rate · no residual municipal component survives.in progress
transition rules in forceThe 2026 rate change (32% → 25%) is modelled as a step change with no prior-year comparison retained in the engine.in progress

IFICI (NHR 2.0) · Lisbon (Portugal)

Sources: Autoridade Tributária · EBF art.58.º-A (IFICI, taxa especial 20%) + CIRS art.68.º-A (solidarity surtax) · PwC Worldwide Tax Summaries · Portugal (Individual)
FacetHow the engine models itStatus
mechanicsFlat 20% on rendimento coletável (taxable base after the Cat.A specific deduction) replaces the 9-band progressive IRS. As an autonomous special rate (art.58-A EBF) outside rendimento coletável, IFICI income is NOT reached by the solidarity surtax (art.68-A CIRS) · the engine returns before applying the surtax.in progress
rate %20% flat.verified
capsNo cap on qualifying income is modelled.in progress
duration10 years · not modelled as a time-decay.in progress
eligibility thresholdsNon-resident in Portugal for the prior 5 years, plus a degree and 3 years' experience in an approved sector · none of this is enforced inside the calc, only the `o.ifici` toggle gates it.in progress
contribution interactionSS (11%) and the Cat.A specific deduction (max(8.54×IAS, SS)) are computed identically with or without IFICI.in progress
local-tax interactionThe tiered solidarity surtax (2.5% €80k · €250k, 5% >€250k; art.68-A CIRS) applies ONLY to general-scale rendimento coletável · NOT to IFICI's 20% flat (an autonomous special rate). Verified vs AT (art.58-A EBF / art.68-A CIRS) + PwC: the engine correctly excludes it (early return in the `o.ifici` branch, before the surtax lines).verified
transition rules in forceModels IFICI (the 2024 replacement for NHR) only; does not model legacy NHR (2009 · 2024, closed to new entrants since 2024) grandfather cases, nor the englobamento opt-in that WOULD pull IFICI income into rendimento coletável (and thus the surtax).in progress

Named on the site, not modelled in the engine

These regimes are real and we mention them, but the engine does not apply them. Saying so plainly is the point.

RegimeCountryWhat the engine does instead
Luxembourg 2025 impatriate regimeLuxembourgNot modelled · calc.lussemburgo has no regime toggle at all
Non-Dom regime (abolished April 2025)United KingdomN/A · regime abolished before this engine's dataset vintage; correctly never modelled
SARP (Special Assignee Relief Programme)IrelandNot modelled · calc.dublino uses ordinary Income Tax + USC + PRSI only, no SARP toggle exists

3 Cost of living, per line

Every cost of living line, per city: the value the engine uses, its source, when it was verified, and how far it sits from the reference scrape.

CityLineEngine valueSource(s)Last verifiedDeviationStatus
MilanMonthly rent (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)1468Numbeo cost-of-living (displayCurrency=EUR)Jul 2026-2.39% vs Numbeoverified
Monthly transport (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)39Numbeo cost-of-living (displayCurrency=EUR)Jul 2026+15.38% vs Numbeocorrected
Monthly utilities (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)206Numbeo cost-of-living (displayCurrency=EUR)Jul 2026-10.03% vs Numbeocorrected
Monthly food (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)345Numbeo cost-of-living · Markets section (displayCurrency=EUR)Jul 2026-11.53% vs Numbeo like-for-like referenceverified
Monthly misc (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)302verification in progressverification in progress·in progress
RomeMonthly rent (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)1103Numbeo cost-of-living (displayCurrency=EUR)Jul 2026+0.47% vs Numbeoverified
Monthly transport (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)35Numbeo cost-of-living (displayCurrency=EUR)Jul 2026+17.14% vs Numbeocorrected
Monthly utilities (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)182Numbeo cost-of-living (displayCurrency=EUR)Jul 2026-12.06% vs Numbeocorrected
Monthly food (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)303Numbeo cost-of-living · Markets section (displayCurrency=EUR)Jul 2026-0.03% vs Numbeo like-for-like referenceverified
Monthly misc (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)245verification in progressverification in progress·in progress
BarcelonaMonthly rent (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)1488Numbeo cost-of-living (displayCurrency=EUR)Jul 2026+2.05% vs Numbeoverified
Monthly transport (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)26Numbeo cost-of-living (displayCurrency=EUR)Jul 2026+14.04% vs Numbeoverified
Monthly utilities (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)155Numbeo cost-of-living (displayCurrency=EUR)Jul 2026-5.01% vs Numbeocorrected
Monthly food (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)278Numbeo cost-of-living · Markets section (displayCurrency=EUR)Jul 2026-11.77% vs Numbeo like-for-like referenceverified
Monthly misc (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)246verification in progressverification in progress·in progress
LuxembourgMonthly rent (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)2168Numbeo cost-of-living (displayCurrency=EUR)Jul 2026+8.42% vs Numbeoverified
Monthly transport (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)0Numbeo cost-of-living (displayCurrency=EUR)Jul 20260% (both repo and Numbeo report 0)verified
Monthly utilities (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)260Numbeo cost-of-living (displayCurrency=EUR)Jul 2026-18.32% vs Numbeocorrected
Monthly food (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)391Numbeo cost-of-living · Markets section (displayCurrency=EUR)Jul 2026-7.87% vs Numbeo like-for-like referenceverified
Monthly misc (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)350verification in progressverification in progress·in progress
AmsterdamMonthly rent (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)2352Numbeo cost-of-living (displayCurrency=EUR)Jul 2026+2.17% vs Numbeoverified
Monthly transport (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)100Numbeo cost-of-living (displayCurrency=EUR)Jul 2026+16% vs Numbeocorrected
Monthly utilities (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)272Numbeo cost-of-living (displayCurrency=EUR)Jul 2026-22.3% vs Numbeocorrected
Monthly food (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)373Numbeo cost-of-living · Markets section (displayCurrency=EUR)Jul 2026-5.98% vs Numbeo like-for-like referenceverified
Monthly misc (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)355verification in progressverification in progress·in progress
BerlinMonthly rent (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)1314Numbeo cost-of-living (displayCurrency=EUR)Jul 2026+0.74% vs Numbeoverified
Monthly transport (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)63Numbeo cost-of-living (displayCurrency=EUR)Jul 2026+15.87% vs Numbeocorrected
Monthly utilities (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)358Numbeo cost-of-living (displayCurrency=EUR)Jul 2026-26.52% vs Numbeocorrected
Monthly food (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)306Numbeo cost-of-living · Markets section (displayCurrency=EUR)Jul 2026-5.47% vs Numbeo like-for-like referenceverified
Monthly misc (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)263verification in progressverification in progress·in progress
MunichMonthly rent (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)1550Numbeo cost-of-living (displayCurrency=EUR)Jul 2026+6.3% vs Numbeoverified
Monthly transport (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)63Numbeo cost-of-living (displayCurrency=EUR)Jul 2026+15.87% vs Numbeocorrected
Monthly utilities (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)331Numbeo cost-of-living (displayCurrency=EUR)Jul 2026-18.02% vs Numbeocorrected
Monthly food (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)332Numbeo cost-of-living · Markets section (displayCurrency=EUR)Jul 2026-6.46% vs Numbeo like-for-like referenceverified
Monthly misc (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)316verification in progressverification in progress·in progress
MadridMonthly rent (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)1378Numbeo cost-of-living (displayCurrency=EUR)Jul 2026-1.16% vs Numbeoverified
Monthly transport (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)35Numbeo cost-of-living (displayCurrency=EUR)Jul 2026+17.14% vs Numbeocorrected
Monthly utilities (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)180Numbeo cost-of-living (displayCurrency=EUR)Jul 2026-14.4% vs Numbeocorrected
Monthly food (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)277Numbeo cost-of-living · Markets section (displayCurrency=EUR)Jul 2026-6.78% vs Numbeo like-for-like referenceverified
Monthly misc (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)245verification in progressverification in progress·in progress
LondonMonthly rent (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)2678Numbeo cost-of-living (displayCurrency=EUR)Jul 2026+2.02% vs Numbeoverified
Monthly transport (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)268Numbeo cost-of-living (displayCurrency=EUR)Jul 2026+14.55% vs Numbeoverified
Monthly utilities (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)335Numbeo cost-of-living (displayCurrency=EUR)Jul 2026-22.09% vs Numbeocorrected
Monthly food (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)362Numbeo cost-of-living · Markets section (displayCurrency=EUR)Jul 2026-0.14% vs Numbeo like-for-like referenceverified
Monthly misc (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)346verification in progressverification in progress·in progress
DublinMonthly rent (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)2336Numbeo cost-of-living (displayCurrency=EUR)Jul 2026+6.28% vs Numbeoverified
Monthly transport (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)96Numbeo cost-of-living (displayCurrency=EUR)Jul 2026+15.62% vs Numbeocorrected
Monthly utilities (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)231Numbeo cost-of-living (displayCurrency=EUR)Jul 2026-23.33% vs Numbeocorrected
Monthly food (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)369Numbeo cost-of-living · Markets section (displayCurrency=EUR)Jul 2026+1.41% vs Numbeo like-for-like referenceverified
Monthly misc (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)344verification in progressverification in progress·in progress
ParisMonthly rent (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)1408Numbeo cost-of-living (displayCurrency=EUR)Jul 2026-1.75% vs Numbeoverified
Monthly transport (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)90Numbeo cost-of-living (displayCurrency=EUR)Jul 2026+15.56% vs Numbeocorrected
Monthly utilities (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)225Numbeo cost-of-living (displayCurrency=EUR)Jul 2026-15.94% vs Numbeocorrected
Monthly food (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)362Numbeo cost-of-living · Markets section (displayCurrency=EUR)Jul 2026+3.36% vs Numbeo like-for-like referenceverified
Monthly misc (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)290verification in progressverification in progress·in progress
ZurichMonthly rent (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)2710Numbeo cost-of-living (displayCurrency=EUR)Jul 2026+2.66% vs Numbeoverified
Monthly transport (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)96Numbeo cost-of-living (displayCurrency=EUR)Jul 2026+15.16% vs Numbeocorrected
Monthly utilities (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)245Numbeo cost-of-living (displayCurrency=EUR)Jul 2026-22.73% vs Numbeocorrected
Monthly food (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)553Numbeo cost-of-living · Markets section (displayCurrency=EUR)Jul 2026-9.26% vs Numbeo like-for-like referenceverified
Monthly misc (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)467verification in progressverification in progress·in progress
GenevaMonthly rent (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)2568Numbeo cost-of-living (displayCurrency=EUR)Jul 2026+5.3% vs Numbeoverified
Monthly transport (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)76Numbeo cost-of-living (displayCurrency=EUR)Jul 2026+15.82% vs Numbeocorrected
Monthly utilities (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)256Numbeo cost-of-living (displayCurrency=EUR)Jul 2026-22.22% vs Numbeocorrected
Monthly food (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)551Numbeo cost-of-living · Markets section (displayCurrency=EUR)Jul 2026-0.87% vs Numbeo like-for-like referenceverified
Monthly misc (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)470verification in progressverification in progress·in progress
New YorkMonthly rent (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)3191Numbeo cost-of-living (displayCurrency=EUR)Jul 2026-14.76% vs Numbeoverified
Monthly transport (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)119Numbeo cost-of-living (displayCurrency=EUR)Jul 2026-2.71% vs Numbeoverified
Monthly utilities (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)220Numbeo cost-of-living (displayCurrency=EUR)Jul 2026-27.42% vs Numbeocorrected
Monthly food (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)471Numbeo cost-of-living · Markets section (displayCurrency=EUR)Jul 2026+5.86% vs Numbeo like-for-like referenceverified
Monthly misc (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)386verification in progressverification in progress·in progress
Los AngelesMonthly rent (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)2206Numbeo cost-of-living (displayCurrency=EUR)Jul 2026-1.49% vs Numbeoverified
Monthly transport (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)90Numbeo cost-of-living (displayCurrency=EUR)Jul 2026-1.9% vs Numbeoverified
Monthly utilities (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)232Numbeo cost-of-living (displayCurrency=EUR)Jul 2026-39.62% vs Numbeocorrected
Monthly food (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)412Numbeo cost-of-living · Markets section (displayCurrency=EUR)Jul 2026-5.6% vs Numbeo like-for-like referenceverified
Monthly misc (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)341verification in progressverification in progress·in progress
Hong KongMonthly rent (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)1740Numbeo cost-of-living (displayCurrency=EUR)Jul 2026-11.62% vs Numbeoverified
Monthly transport (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)71Numbeo cost-of-living (displayCurrency=EUR)Jul 2026-18.64% vs Numbeocorrected
Monthly utilities (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)190Numbeo cost-of-living (displayCurrency=EUR)Jul 2026-26.21% vs Numbeocorrected
Monthly food (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)310Numbeo cost-of-living · Markets section (displayCurrency=EUR)Jul 2026+13.45% vs Numbeo like-for-like referenceverified
Monthly misc (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)197verification in progressverification in progress·in progress
SingaporeMonthly rent (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)2196Numbeo cost-of-living (displayCurrency=EUR)Jul 2026-20.13% vs Numbeocorrected
Monthly transport (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)88Numbeo cost-of-living (displayCurrency=EUR)Jul 2026+1.7% vs Numbeoverified
Monthly utilities (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)144Numbeo cost-of-living (displayCurrency=EUR)Jul 2026-9.58% vs Numbeocorrected
Monthly food (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)325Numbeo cost-of-living · Markets section (displayCurrency=EUR)Jul 2026+3.68% vs Numbeo like-for-like referenceverified
Monthly misc (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)214verification in progressverification in progress·in progress
DubaiMonthly rent (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)2084Numbeo cost-of-living (displayCurrency=EUR)Jul 2026+4.19% vs Numbeoverified
Monthly transport (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)74Numbeo cost-of-living (displayCurrency=EUR)Jul 2026+13.13% vs Numbeoverified
Monthly utilities (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)207Numbeo cost-of-living (displayCurrency=EUR)Jul 2026-20.33% vs Numbeocorrected
Monthly food (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)256Numbeo cost-of-living · Markets section (displayCurrency=EUR)Jul 2026+9.76% vs Numbeo like-for-like referenceverified
Monthly misc (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)258verification in progressverification in progress·in progress
FrankfurtMonthly rent (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)1274Numbeo cost-of-living (displayCurrency=EUR)Jul 2026+6.04% vs Numbeoverified
Monthly transport (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)63Numbeo cost-of-living (displayCurrency=EUR)Jul 2026+15.87% vs Numbeocorrected
Monthly utilities (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)329Numbeo cost-of-living (displayCurrency=EUR)Jul 2026-14.16% vs Numbeocorrected
Monthly food (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)330Numbeo cost-of-living · Markets section (displayCurrency=EUR)Jul 2026+1.43% vs Numbeo like-for-like referenceverified
Monthly misc (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)292verification in progressverification in progress·in progress
ViennaMonthly rent (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)1159Numbeo cost-of-living (displayCurrency=EUR)Jul 2026+3.61% vs Numbeoverified
Monthly transport (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)51Numbeo cost-of-living (displayCurrency=EUR)Jul 2026+15.69% vs Numbeocorrected
Monthly utilities (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)296Numbeo cost-of-living (displayCurrency=EUR)Jul 2026-23.25% vs Numbeocorrected
Monthly food (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)350Numbeo cost-of-living · Markets section (displayCurrency=EUR)Jul 2026-4.06% vs Numbeo like-for-like referenceverified
Monthly misc (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)290verification in progressverification in progress·in progress
BrusselsMonthly rent (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)1209Numbeo cost-of-living (displayCurrency=EUR)Jul 2026+6.16% vs Numbeoverified
Monthly transport (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)55Numbeo cost-of-living (displayCurrency=EUR)Jul 2026+16.36% vs Numbeocorrected
Monthly utilities (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)224Numbeo cost-of-living (displayCurrency=EUR)Jul 2026-19.71% vs Numbeocorrected
Monthly food (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)370Numbeo cost-of-living · Markets section (displayCurrency=EUR)Jul 2026-1.43% vs Numbeo like-for-like referenceverified
Monthly misc (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)346verification in progressverification in progress·in progress
CopenhagenMonthly rent (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)1692Numbeo cost-of-living (displayCurrency=EUR)Jul 2026-2.08% vs Numbeoverified
Monthly transport (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)119Numbeo cost-of-living (displayCurrency=EUR)Jul 2026+14.04% vs Numbeoverified
Monthly utilities (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)158Numbeo cost-of-living (displayCurrency=EUR)Jul 2026-14.64% vs Numbeocorrected
Monthly food (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)407Numbeo cost-of-living · Markets section (displayCurrency=EUR)Jul 2026-2.41% vs Numbeo like-for-like referenceverified
Monthly misc (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)386verification in progressverification in progress·in progress
StockholmMonthly rent (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)1492Numbeo cost-of-living (displayCurrency=EUR)Jul 2026-3.75% vs Numbeoverified
Monthly transport (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)96Numbeo cost-of-living (displayCurrency=EUR)Jul 2026+17.38% vs Numbeocorrected
Monthly utilities (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)246Numbeo cost-of-living (displayCurrency=EUR)Jul 2026-16.97% vs Numbeocorrected
Monthly food (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)359Numbeo cost-of-living · Markets section (displayCurrency=EUR)Jul 2026-4.01% vs Numbeo like-for-like referenceverified
Monthly misc (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)317verification in progressverification in progress·in progress
OsloMonthly rent (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)1774Numbeo cost-of-living (displayCurrency=EUR)Jul 2026+4.97% vs Numbeoverified
Monthly transport (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)71Numbeo cost-of-living (displayCurrency=EUR)Jul 2026+17.56% vs Numbeocorrected
Monthly utilities (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)336Numbeo cost-of-living (displayCurrency=EUR)Jul 2026-28.53% vs Numbeocorrected
Monthly food (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)442Numbeo cost-of-living · Markets section (displayCurrency=EUR)Jul 2026-2.58% vs Numbeo like-for-like referenceverified
Monthly misc (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)383verification in progressverification in progress·in progress
HelsinkiMonthly rent (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)1100Numbeo cost-of-living (displayCurrency=EUR)Jul 2026+1.08% vs Numbeoverified
Monthly transport (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)72Numbeo cost-of-living (displayCurrency=EUR)Jul 2026+16.5% vs Numbeocorrected
Monthly utilities (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)104Numbeo cost-of-living (displayCurrency=EUR)Jul 2026+3.49% vs Numbeocorrected
Monthly food (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)353Numbeo cost-of-living · Markets section (displayCurrency=EUR)Jul 2026+3.96% vs Numbeo like-for-like referenceverified
Monthly misc (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)317verification in progressverification in progress·in progress
PragueMonthly rent (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)1155Numbeo cost-of-living (displayCurrency=EUR)Jul 2026+10.77% vs Numbeoverified
Monthly transport (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)26Numbeo cost-of-living (displayCurrency=EUR)Jul 2026+14.24% vs Numbeoverified
Monthly utilities (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)272Numbeo cost-of-living (displayCurrency=EUR)Jul 2026-10.79% vs Numbeocorrected
Monthly food (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)245Numbeo cost-of-living · Markets section (displayCurrency=EUR)Jul 2026+2.59% vs Numbeo like-for-like referenceverified
Monthly misc (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)195verification in progressverification in progress·in progress
WarsawMonthly rent (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)1120Numbeo cost-of-living (displayCurrency=EUR)Jul 2026+4.41% vs Numbeoverified
Monthly transport (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)26Numbeo cost-of-living (displayCurrency=EUR)Jul 2026+16.96% vs Numbeocorrected
Monthly utilities (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)298Numbeo cost-of-living (displayCurrency=EUR)Jul 2026-19.91% vs Numbeocorrected
Monthly food (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)229Numbeo cost-of-living · Markets section (displayCurrency=EUR)Jul 2026-2.83% vs Numbeo like-for-like referenceverified
Monthly misc (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)203verification in progressverification in progress·in progress
LisbonMonthly rent (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)1447Numbeo cost-of-living (displayCurrency=EUR)Jul 2026+1.05% vs Numbeoverified
Monthly transport (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)46Numbeo cost-of-living (displayCurrency=EUR)Jul 2026+15% vs Numbeoverified
Monthly utilities (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)151Numbeo cost-of-living (displayCurrency=EUR)Jul 2026-10.15% vs Numbeocorrected
Monthly food (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)241Numbeo cost-of-living · Markets section (displayCurrency=EUR)Jul 2026-12.57% vs Numbeo like-for-like referenceverified
Monthly misc (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)205verification in progressverification in progress·in progress
BudapestMonthly rent (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)848Numbeo cost-of-living (displayCurrency=EUR)Jul 2026+7.65% vs Numbeoverified
Monthly transport (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)25Numbeo cost-of-living (displayCurrency=EUR)Jul 2026+17.88% vs Numbeocorrected
Monthly utilities (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)160Numbeo cost-of-living (displayCurrency=EUR)Jul 2026-23.86% vs Numbeocorrected
Monthly food (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)225Numbeo cost-of-living · Markets section (displayCurrency=EUR)Jul 2026-13.05% vs Numbeo like-for-like referenceverified
Monthly misc (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)193verification in progressverification in progress·in progress
TorontoMonthly rent (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)1432Numbeo cost-of-living (displayCurrency=EUR)Jul 2026+2.17% vs Numbeoverified
Monthly transport (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)103Numbeo cost-of-living (displayCurrency=EUR)Jul 2026+7.35% vs Numbeoverified
Monthly utilities (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)122Numbeo cost-of-living (displayCurrency=EUR)Jul 2026-5.44% vs Numbeocorrected
Monthly food (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)331Numbeo cost-of-living · Markets section (displayCurrency=EUR)Jul 2026+0.42% vs Numbeo like-for-like referenceverified
Monthly misc (€/mo, EUR-equivalent)267verification in progressverification in progress·in progress

4 Exchange rates

The rates used to convert local salaries and costs into euro, all taken from the ECB reference set.

CurrencyRateSource(s)Rate dateDeviationStatus
EUR1verification in progress··verified
GBP1 GBP = €1.169ECB eurofxref-daily (2026-07-06 reference)6 Jul 2026-0.006% vs ECB (ECB direct quote)verified
CHF1 CHF = €1.087ECB eurofxref-daily (2026-07-06 reference)6 Jul 2026+0.015% vs ECB (ECB direct quote)verified
USD1 USD = €0.876ECB eurofxref-daily (2026-07-06 reference)6 Jul 2026-0.005% vs ECB (ECB direct quote)verified
HKD1 HKD = €0.1123ECB eurofxref-daily (2026-07-06 reference)6 Jul 2026-0.012% vs ECB (derived via USD peg (7.80 HKD/USD, HKMA LERS midpoint))verified
SGD1 SGD = €0.6773ECB eurofxref-daily (2026-07-06 reference)6 Jul 2026+0.003% vs ECB (ECB direct quote)verified
AED1 AED = €0.2385ECB eurofxref-daily (2026-07-06 reference)6 Jul 2026-0.017% vs ECB (derived via USD peg (3.6725 AED/USD, fixed since 1997))verified
DKK1 DKK = €0.1338ECB eurofxref-daily (2026-07-06 reference)6 Jul 2026+0.013% vs ECB (ECB direct quote)verified
SEK1 SEK = €0.09079ECB eurofxref-daily (2026-07-06 reference)6 Jul 2026+0.006% vs ECB (ECB direct quote)verified
NOK1 NOK = €0.08902ECB eurofxref-daily (2026-07-06 reference)6 Jul 2026+0.006% vs ECB (ECB direct quote)verified
CZK1 CZK = €0.0414ECB eurofxref-daily (2026-07-06 reference)6 Jul 2026+0.01% vs ECB (ECB direct quote)verified
PLN1 PLN = €0.2332ECB eurofxref-daily (2026-07-06 reference)6 Jul 2026+0.003% vs ECB (ECB direct quote)verified
HUF1 HUF = €0.002829ECB eurofxref-daily (2026-07-06 reference)6 Jul 20260% vs ECB (ECB direct quote)verified
CAD1 CAD = €0.6159ECB eurofxref-daily (2026-07-06 reference)6 Jul 2026-0.002% vs ECB (ECB direct quote)verified

5 Salary benchmarks

Salaries start from one anchor per city: the Financial Analyst (FP&A) role, taken from salary surveys. The table below shows that anchor at three levels.

Every other role and level on the site is DERIVED from this anchor through fixed multipliers. Those derived figures carry no survey source of their own. Recalibration of the anchors is in progress, shown as the status below.

CityJuniorMid (anchor)SeniorSource(s)Status
Milan€31,000€44,000€66,000Robert Half / Hays / Morgan McKinley / Levels.fyi (cited generically in code comment, not attributed per city or per value)in progress
Rome€27,000€38,000€57,000Robert Half / Hays / Morgan McKinley / Levels.fyi (cited generically in code comment, not attributed per city or per value)in progress
Barcelona€34,000€50,000€75,000Robert Half / Hays / Morgan McKinley / Levels.fyi (cited generically in code comment, not attributed per city or per value)in progress
Luxembourg€48,000€68,000€100,000Robert Half / Hays / Morgan McKinley / Levels.fyi (cited generically in code comment, not attributed per city or per value)in progress
Amsterdam€50,000€69,000€98,000Robert Half / Hays / Morgan McKinley / Levels.fyi (cited generically in code comment, not attributed per city or per value)in progress
Berlin€42,000€62,000€95,000Robert Half / Hays / Morgan McKinley / Levels.fyi (cited generically in code comment, not attributed per city or per value)in progress
Munich€47,000€69,000€106,000Robert Half / Hays / Morgan McKinley / Levels.fyi (cited generically in code comment, not attributed per city or per value)in progress
Madrid€31,000€46,000€70,000Robert Half / Hays / Morgan McKinley / Levels.fyi (cited generically in code comment, not attributed per city or per value)in progress
London€59,000€86,000€121,000Robert Half / Hays / Morgan McKinley / Levels.fyi (cited generically in code comment, not attributed per city or per value)in progress
Dublin€48,000€68,000€95,000Robert Half / Hays / Morgan McKinley / Levels.fyi (cited generically in code comment, not attributed per city or per value)in progress
Paris€45,000€66,000€100,000Robert Half / Hays / Morgan McKinley / Levels.fyi (cited generically in code comment, not attributed per city or per value)in progress
Zurich€93,000€117,000€151,000Robert Half / Hays / Morgan McKinley / Levels.fyi (cited generically in code comment, not attributed per city or per value)in progress
Geneva€93,000€117,000€151,000Robert Half / Hays / Morgan McKinley / Levels.fyi (cited generically in code comment, not attributed per city or per value)in progress
New York€91,000€132,000€200,000Robert Half / Hays / Morgan McKinley / Levels.fyi (cited generically in code comment, not attributed per city or per value)in progress
Los Angeles€75,000€108,000€164,000Robert Half / Hays / Morgan McKinley / Levels.fyi (cited generically in code comment, not attributed per city or per value)in progress
Hong Kong€50,000€82,000€128,000Robert Half / Hays / Morgan McKinley / Levels.fyi (cited generically in code comment, not attributed per city or per value)in progress
Singapore€55,000€82,000€128,000Robert Half / Hays / Morgan McKinley / Levels.fyi (cited generically in code comment, not attributed per city or per value)in progress
Dubai€50,000€82,000€125,000Robert Half / Hays / Morgan McKinley / Levels.fyi (cited generically in code comment, not attributed per city or per value)in progress
Frankfurt€50,000€74,000€114,000Robert Half / Hays / Morgan McKinley / Levels.fyi (cited generically in code comment, not attributed per city or per value)in progress
Vienna€38,000€56,000€86,000Robert Half / Hays / Morgan McKinley / Levels.fyi (cited generically in code comment, not attributed per city or per value)in progress
Brussels€46,000€63,000€90,000Robert Half / Hays / Morgan McKinley / Levels.fyi (cited generically in code comment, not attributed per city or per value)in progress
Copenhagen€53,000€72,000€103,000Robert Half / Hays / Morgan McKinley / Levels.fyi (cited generically in code comment, not attributed per city or per value)in progress
Stockholm€48,000€66,000€93,000Robert Half / Hays / Morgan McKinley / Levels.fyi (cited generically in code comment, not attributed per city or per value)in progress
Oslo€53,000€72,000€103,000Robert Half / Hays / Morgan McKinley / Levels.fyi (cited generically in code comment, not attributed per city or per value)in progress
Helsinki€46,000€63,000€90,000Robert Half / Hays / Morgan McKinley / Levels.fyi (cited generically in code comment, not attributed per city or per value)in progress
Prague€22,000€31,000€46,000Robert Half / Hays / Morgan McKinley / Levels.fyi (cited generically in code comment, not attributed per city or per value)in progress
Warsaw€22,000€31,000€46,000Robert Half / Hays / Morgan McKinley / Levels.fyi (cited generically in code comment, not attributed per city or per value)in progress
Lisbon€25,000€37,000€56,000Robert Half / Hays / Morgan McKinley / Levels.fyi (cited generically in code comment, not attributed per city or per value)in progress
Budapest€19,000€27,000€41,000Robert Half / Hays / Morgan McKinley / Levels.fyi (cited generically in code comment, not attributed per city or per value)in progress
Toronto€45,000€68,000€102,000Robert Half / Hays / Morgan McKinley / Levels.fyi (cited generically in code comment, not attributed per city or per value)in progress

The anchor is the only sourced salary figure. It is a single midpoint per level, not a survey range, and it is the input every derived estimate is built on.

For how the engine turns these inputs into a net figure, see the full methodology.